Government Bond: a fixed income security (recall the Sales and Trading FinChat!)  issued by the government

1. 1. Bonds can be zero-coupon (ie. only repaying the principal at the end of the term) or with coupon bonds (ie. paying a certain amount of the principal at set intervals throughout the term)
   2. By buying a bond, you are essentially buying a promise from the government to receive your investment back with additional return

Running a report: generating a certain report (usually a one time report)

1. 1. This was Riku’s daily morning task, she had to “run reports” for her peers, the traders and her managers meaning she had to create reports for these people to provide them with necessary information

Data Visualization: portraying data in an easier to read format through charts, graphs, pictures and other visual formats

1. 1. Helps to highlight important information for the viewer of the data to catch quickly on their own 
   2. Often used for analyzing trends, frequencies, correlations, schedules and risks
   3. Ex. histograms, bar charts, pie charts, scatter plots and maps

Visualization Basic for Applications (VBA): Microsoft’s programming language for Excel and all its other office softwares 

1. 1. Users can use this software to code and create macros (as Riku had done in her internship) to make their work more efficient
      1. Macros: a pattern that translates a certain set of inputs to a certain output, making it easier for an individual conduct tasks that are repetitive and are required of them very frequently 

XVA: X-Value Adjustment – a term to cover all the different adjustments done to the valuation of various derivatives (refer to Margot’s Day in the Life Finchat!) for things such as account funding, capital costs and credit risk

1. 1. There are different types of XVA Adjustments that traders make and account into the prices of derivatives:
      1. Credit Valuation Adjustments: made to estimate the value of counterparty risk (the possibility that the party will default on their payments)
      2. Funding Valuation Adjustments:  incorporating the present value of a derivative that has been priced above its risk free rate with different methods for when a derivative is purchased as an asset versus as a liability
      3. Capital Valuation Adjustments: adjustment made to account for the extra capital banks carry as a reserve (especially for banks that hold derivative contracts) 

Upping your brain game: Now that you’ve understood these terms properly, if you ever hear them or are questioned about them in your career, rest assured, you can answer these questions confidently! Confidence is key!